描述
T8311
功率分三種功率,有功功率P、無功功率Q和視在功率S。
電壓與電流之間的相位差(Φ)的余弦叫做功率因數(shù),用符號cosΦ表示,在數(shù)值上,功率因數(shù)是有功功率和視在功率的比值,即cosΦ=P/S
三種功率和功率因素cosΦ是一個直角功率三角形關(guān)系:兩個直角邊是有功功率、無功功率,斜邊是視在功率。
有功功率平方+無功功率平方=視在功率平方。
三相負荷中,任何時候這三種功率總是同時存在:
視在功率S=1.732UI
有功功率P=1.732UIcosΦ
無功功率Q=1.732UIsinΦ
功率因數(shù)cosΦ=P/S
sinΦ=Q/S
已知電流是17安,電壓380,它的功率是多少?
功率因數(shù)是表示耗用有功、無功電流的比值,因為電機是需要有功和無功電流激磁運行的,電機滿載時,耗用有功電流最大,無功電流最小,功率因數(shù)約0.85;輕載或空載時,耗用有功電流較小,無功電流較大,功率因數(shù)約0.4~0.7之間。
一般計算取功率因數(shù)為0.78或0.P=1.732×U×I×COSφ=1.732×0.38×17×0.78=8.7(KW)
樓宇結(jié)構(gòu)特點:底層住宅樓每棟有5到6層,分為多個單元,每個單元有獨立的樓梯,每層2~4戶。樓中通常有60~80住戶,大一些的可達100戶。低壓配電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu):一臺配電變壓器負責5~6棟樓,每單元有一條電力線從底層一直到達頂層,在每樓層有該層用戶的電表,一層有單元所有用戶的總電表。組網(wǎng)方案:采用FTTZ+PLC或光纖到變壓器+PLC的方案。以配電網(wǎng)物理網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分為基礎(chǔ),一個單元放置一臺PLC局端設(shè)備,用戶共享電力線。用戶較少時,可以擴大共享范圍,幾個單元甚至幾棟樓實現(xiàn)共享。當用戶增多時,再根據(jù)用戶的分布,靈活劃分共享范圍。PLCModem通過USB、RJ45等接口與用戶計算機相連,保證端到端2Mbps帶寬,多個PLCModem可組成小型局域網(wǎng)。該方案針對用戶相對集中、上網(wǎng)需求較少的住宅樓。
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